Lymphedema is a chronic swelling condition caused by a blockage or dysfunction in the lymphatic system, which prevents the proper drainage of lymph fluid, leading to its accumulation under the skin. It can affect various parts of the body including the arms, legs, hands, feet, breasts, face, and genital area. In addition to affecting physical appearance, it can significantly reduce quality of life over time.

When diagnosed early, lymphedema treatment can deliver highly effective results. At our clinic, we develop personalized treatment plans using the latest technology and a team specialized in lymphedema management.

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Types of Lymphedema: Primary and Secondary

Lymphedema is categorized into two main types based on its cause and how it develops:

1. Primary Lymphedema

This form results from a congenital or genetic structural abnormality in the lymphatic vessels. It occurs due to underdeveloped or malfunctioning lymph channels. It typically appears during:

• Infancy (congenital)
• Adolescence (precoce)
• Adulthood (late-onset)

It is more common in women and usually starts as swelling in one leg.

2. Secondary Lymphedema

This is the more common type and develops later in life due to factors such as:

• Cancer surgery (especially after removal of axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer)
• Radiotherapy
• Infections (e.g., filariasis)
• Trauma, burns, or major surgeries
• Obesity
• Vascular diseases and venous insufficiency

Common Symptoms of Lymphedema

Lymphedema usually begins insidiously and progresses gradually. If not treated in early stages, swelling can become permanent. Common signs include:

• Heaviness or tightness in the arms, legs, hands, or feet
• Skin tightness and sensitivity
• Rings, watches, or pants becoming tight
• Asymmetric swelling (only one limb affected)
• Skin folds deepening, hardening (fibrosis)
• Recurrent infections (lymphangitis)
• “Orange peel” skin texture

If left untreated, lymphedema can lead not only to cosmetic issues but also to skin infections, limited mobility, and permanent deformities.

Stages of Lymphedema

According to the International Society of Lymphology, lymphedema is divided into 4 stages:

• Stage 0 (Subclinical): Lymphatic flow is impaired, but swelling is not yet visible. Especially detectable after radiotherapy, and highly treatable if caught early.
• Stage 1: Soft swelling increases by the end of the day and may subside by morning. Pitting edema is present.
• Stage 2: Swelling persists even in the morning. Skin becomes harder. No pitting is observed.
• Stage 3 (Elephantiasis): Skin becomes extremely thick and fibrotic, with restricted mobility and irreversible tissue damage.

Treatment planning is tailored based on the patient’s stage of lymphedema.

How Is Lymphedema Diagnosed?

Diagnosis is primarily made through clinical evaluation. In subclinical stages, the following imaging methods may be used:

• Doppler Ultrasound: Helps rule out other causes of edema such as venous blockage.
• Lymphoscintigraphy: Visualizes lymph pathways and is the most reliable diagnostic method.
• MRI/CT Lymphography: Reveals anatomical details and the extent of fibrosis.
• Bioimpedance Analysis: Measures body fluid ratios and detects early-stage lymphedema.

At our clinic, each patient undergoes a comprehensive assessment, and treatment is personalized based on these findings.

Treatment Methods for Lymphedema

Although lymphedema is a chronic condition, it can be managed effectively with proper care, significantly improving quality of life.

1. Manual Lymph Drainage (MLD)

• A special hands-on massage technique that redirects lymph fluid to healthy lymphatic pathways.
• Performed by certified physiotherapists.
• Painless and highly effective.
• Applied in weekly or session-based programs.

2. Compression Therapy

• Special bandages or medical compression stockings are used to prevent fluid reaccumulation.
• Includes multi-layer short-stretch bandaging techniques.
• Followed by pressure stockings (Class 2–3).
• Usage duration is personalized based on patient needs.

3. Exercise and Movement Therapy

• Specialized programs to support lymphatic circulation:
  • Low-intensity walking
  • Deep breathing exercises
  • Arm/leg pumping motions
• Supervised clinical exercises enhance lymph flow.

4. Device-Assisted Therapies

• Intermittent Pneumatic Compression (IPC): Inflatable sleeves are applied to the limb, creating rhythmic pressure waves.
• Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT): Stimulates cell metabolism and improves lymphatic drainage.
• Red Laser + IR Technology: Effective even in fibrotic tissue.

5. Skin Care & Infection Prevention

• Proper skin care is crucial due to increased infection risk:
  • Daily moisturizing
  • Antibacterial hygiene
  • Protection from minor injuries

What Happens If Lymphedema Is Left Untreated?

If left unmanaged, lymphedema can result in permanent tissue damage, loss of mobility, frequent infections (cellulitis, erysipelas), and psychological distress. In advanced stages, it may lead to:

• Elephantiasis (extremely thickened limbs)
• Lymphatic hernias
• Social isolation and depression

Early diagnosis and treatment greatly reduce the risk of these severe complications.

Why Choose Us?

• ✅ Expert Team: Internationally certified physiotherapists and physicians experienced in lymphedema management
• ✅ Personalized Programs: Tailored treatment based on the stage of lymphedema
• ✅ Advanced Technology: Device-assisted therapy options
• ✅ Central Location & Easy Access
• ✅ High Patient Satisfaction & Follow-up System

Frequently Asked Questions

Is lymphedema permanent?

Yes, it is a chronic condition, but it can be managed effectively with appropriate treatment.

Can lymphedema be completely cured?

Complete resolution is rare, but swelling can significantly decrease, improving quality of life.

Which doctor should I see for lymphedema?

You should consult a physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist or a clinic with expertise in lymphedema treatment.

Is all swelling considered lymphedema?

No. Other conditions such as vascular disease or heart failure can also cause swelling. A proper diagnosis must be made by a specialist.

Book Your Appointment Now

Contact us today to relieve your varicose vein or lymphedema concerns and achieve healthier legs. Our expert team is ready to determine the most suitable treatment plan for you.

📞 Phone: 0532 492 85 49
📧 Email: info@drzuhaldurmaz.com
📍 Address: Abdi İpekçi Cad. Reasurans Han 1, Floor 7, Nişantaşı / Istanbul